Transcription factor-directed gene expression reprogramming is a primary mechanism underlying much of organismal physiology and developmental biology. Photosynthesis in C4 crops evolved from ancestral C3 crop photosynthesis by recruiting pre-existing genes to fulfil new functions. However, the transcription factor (TF) regulatory network of C4 metabolic genes was rewired during the evolutionary process and is poorly known. C3 and C4 crops, have evolved mechanisms to sense their light environment and adapt their structure and metabolism to work optimally under local conditions. Agrivoltaic (AV) systems, which have trade-offs between crop yield and electricity output, creates a variety of unique light environments for plant growth within a relatively small area. The goal of this study is to evaluate the genetic factors that enable C3 (Soybean) and C4 (Sorghum) crops to acclimate to different AV light environments. To examine this genetic regulation and predict gene-trait associations, we will build gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from leaf gene expression data collected over a developmental and diurnal time course and integrate it with physiological traits measured at the same time points. Comparative studies of GRNs across species will be used to dissect differences in C3 and C4 crops response to different light environments. This research will provide insights into the driving force and process underlying crop adaptation to light environments, as well as estimate the potential of AV systems as a renewable energy and food production option.